Biology Chapter 18 important questions for Fsc Students for Lahore board

 What is Photosynthesis?

Answer: Photosynthesis wo process hai jisme green plants sunlight, carbon dioxide aur water ki madad se glucose aur oxygen banate hain.

Write the equation of Photosynthesis.

Answer:

What are Chloroplasts?

Answer: Chloroplasts plant cells ke organelles hain jahan photosynthesis hoti hai.

Explain the role of Chlorophyll.

Answer: Chlorophyll green pigment hai jo sunlight ko absorb karta hai aur photosynthesis me energy provide karta hai.

What is Cellular Respiration?

Answer: Cellular Respiration wo process hai jisme cells glucose ko energy me convert karte hain.

Difference between Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration.

Answer:

Aerobic: Oxygen ki presence me hoti hai, zyada energy release hoti hai

Anaerobic: Oxygen ke bina hoti hai, kam energy release hoti hai

What is Transpiration?

Answer: Transpiration wo process hai jisme plants ke leaves se paani water vapor ke form me evaporate hota hai.

Define Stomata and its function.

Answer: Stomata small pores hote hain leaves me jo gas exchange aur transpiration me help karte hain.

What are Xylem and Phloem?

Answer:

Xylem: Water aur minerals ko roots se leaves tak transport karta hai

Phloem: Food (glucose) ko leaves se plant ke different parts me transport karta hai

Explain the process of Transport in Plants.

Answer: Water and minerals roots se xylem ke through leaves tak jate hain aur food phloem ke through roots aur fruits tak jata hai.

What is the role of Enzymes in digestion?

Answer: Enzymes food ko small molecules me break karte hain taake absorption possible ho.

Define Digestion.

Answer: Digestion wo process hai jisme food ko small absorbable molecules me convert kiya jata hai.

What is Absorption?

Answer: Absorption wo process hai jisme digested nutrients small intestine se blood me enter karte hain.

What are Vitamins and their types?

Answer: Vitamins organic compounds hain jo body ke growth aur health ke liye zaruri hain.

Fat soluble: A, D, E, K

Water soluble: B complex, C

Function of Minerals in Plants and Humans.

Answer: Minerals body aur plants me growth, metabolism aur structural function ke liye zaruri hote hain.

Example: Calcium → bones, Iron → hemoglobin, Magnesium → chlorophyll